The human genome contains less than 2% coding exons
within genes.
The remaining DNA consist of:
- introns and regulatory sequences
such as enhancers
- unique noncoding DNA
contains many pseudogenes (genes that have accumulated mutations and became nonfunctional)
- repetitive DNA
are sequences that are repeated many times; much of these are
-
transposable elements
that can "jump" between chromosomes, leading to transpositions.
