Chapter 23 Quizzes: Self Activities Chapter Cum. Videos   Movies    Words   Appendix    Summary   Art    Art 

Unit 4: Mechanisms of Evolution The Evolution of Populations Review
  1. Natural selection acts on individuals, but evolve, based on genetic variations, the change in genetic makeup of a population over time is called .
     
     
  2. A is a localized group of individuals that are capable of interbreeding and producing offspring.
     
     
  3. As a population evolves, its and frequencies change. Such change can be analyzed by comparing it to a non-evolving population.
     
     
  4. A non-evolving population reaches the equilibrium due to Mendelian of alleles, under five idealized conditions:
       
       
    • Extremely population size.
    • No gene due to migration.
    • No .
    • mating.
    • No natural .
     
     
  5. Mendelian inheritance preserves frequencies in a population, resulting in constant variation.
     
     
  6. At Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the distribution of 2 p and q in a population can be modeled by these equations:
       
       
    • The frequencies are described by p + q = 1, where p is the dominant allele frequency and q is the recessive allele frequency.
       
       
    • The frequencies are described by p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1.
     
     
  7. Mutation and sexual produce the variation that makes evolution possible.
       
       
    • Genetic in small populations result tends to genetic variation. In very small populations the effect can contribute to severe loss of genetic diversity.
       
       
    • Gene from the movement of individuals or gametes between populations can affect allele frequencies and tends to genetic differences between populations.
       
       
    • is the basis for natural selection, and results in unequal reproduction of alleles.
       
       
    • Selection favors certain by acting on the of individuals.
         
         
      • selection favors individuals at one end of the phenotypic range.
         
         
      • selection favors individuals at both extremes of the phenotypic range.
         
         
      • selection favors intermediate phenotypes.
       
       
    • Summary.
     
     
  8. Heterozygotes sometimes may possess greater than homozygotes and preserve a recessive allele in a population due to advantage.
     
     
  9. In many species are choosy in selecting their mates, resulting in sexual . This is called selection, or choice.
     
     
  10. selection is the competition among males for access to mates, often at the peril of their own survival.
bio1151b Home Mar 22, 2008 Print Print